披荆斩棘，筚路蓝缕
Hack Through the Brambles and Thorns, Drive a Cart in Ragged Clothes to Break Fresh Ground
国营七一八厂的土建工程除五〇区厂的热电站是由东北建筑工程公司承建的以外，其它工程全部由北京市第二建筑工程公司承包。工厂、德国专家及二建三方为了土建工程顺利进行而做了明确分工，使得项目于1956年年底顺利完工进入产品试制阶段，建设速度之快、质量之好和规模之大，在当时的建筑业之中是罕见的。在不具有相关经验和技术的当时，土建工程在三年内完工堪称奇迹，这是中德友谊的成果，是全体工厂工人领导、德国专家、建筑工人们一心向前、勇于挑战、顽强拼搏的精神体现。
七一八厂拔地而起，开工生产近在眼前。
The State-operated Factory 718 construction, aside from the steam production facility in the 5-0 area which was built by the Dongbei Architecture Construction Company, was built by the Beijing Second Architecture Construction Company. Civil engineering for the factory was carried out by German specialists who ensured the work was carried out smoothly and with a clear division of labor. By the end of 1956 the architectural construction work had made sufficient progress that trial-manufacturing for electronic products could commence. At that time, architectural projects of this scale completed with speed and high-quality were very rare. At a time where experience and technology was scarce, the engineering and construction work completed in those three years was nothing short of a miracle, this is the fruit of a strong relationship between China and Germany, the factory workers and leaders, specialists from Germany and construction workers all united together, confronting challenges with courage, tenacious in their struggle together.
1. 1954.9 土建动工
1954年9月，七一八联合厂内技术设计开始按区厂陆续被批准；同月，德国驻场专家进厂，国营七一八联合厂土建正式动工。
七一八厂的基建工程由北京市建筑工程局第二建筑工程公司承担。二公司在没有建设如此庞大繁复的工程经验的情况下，仅用了两年的时间就成功完工了占地14万平方米的七一八厂区。
1. 1954.9 Site-engineering and construction begins
In August of 1954, the Integrated Factory 718 internal technology design began parsing land for use. In the same month German specialists arrived and were stationed at the site. The construction of the State-owned Integrated Factory 718 had started.
The work for building the foundation of the factory was carried out by the Beijing Architecture Construction Company. Before building Factory 718, Beijing Architecture Construction Company had no prior experience with projects of this scale. For them to build a facility of 140,000 square meters in under two years for the time was truly remarkable.
2．1954.9~1956年底 土建三个阶段
第一阶段工程于1954年9月动工，1955年6月完工。第一阶段建成了四〇区厂等，并完成了设备安装，为物资运输、贮存和机器修理、零配件加工创造了有利条件。
1956年第一季度第二阶段土建完成，主要包括二〇区厂、三〇区厂、五〇区厂水、电、气站及中心实验室等主体工程。
第三阶段土建工程包括一〇区厂主体工程和各分变电站等辅助工程，工程于1956年一季度动工，同年年底基本完工，至此土建三阶段顺利完成，为接下来的产品试制做好了准备。
2. 1954.9-1956.12 Three Phases of Construction
The first construction of the factory started in September of 1954 and lasted until June of 1955. In the first phase the 4-0 zone factory was finished in its entirety. This included installation of its facilities, installation of materials, provisions for storage, equipment maintenance, and the installation of necessary hardware all contributed to favorable conditions for the new factory.
In the first quarter of 1956 the second phase of construction was completed. The second phase included construction for the 2-0 zone factory, 3-0 zone factory, 5-0 zone factory, water, electricity, gas station and the central laboratory.
The third phase of construction included the 1-0 zone factory construction and electrical transfer stations that supported the construction. The phase for this construction phase was completed in the first quarter of 1956, at the end of that same year preparations were began for the installation of test- facilities for product manufacturing.
3. 1956.5 机器安装和产品试制
随着土建工程先后完工，工厂成立了以秦亦山、周伟、郭以述、李德燊、黄炳尧为成员的“设备安装和产品试制五人领导小组”，负责全厂设备安装、产品试制的组织、领导工作。全厂设备除四〇、五〇区厂的大型设备外包给安装公司安装，其他设备全是由本厂技术人员和工人组成的安装大队在德国专家指导下分期分批安装的。组织本厂职工安装设备不仅为国家节省了开支，更重要的是锻炼和培养了人才。1956年大规模安装开始，他们中的很多人已能独立承担部分安装工作的组织领导或技术指导工作，并且在随后开始的产品试制中发挥了重要作用。
3. 1956.5 Machine Installation and Product Test-Manufacturing
Along with the completion of the construction phase for the factory, Qin Yishan, Zhou Wei, Deng Yishu, Li Deshen, Huang Bingyao collectively made up the “Facility Installation and Product Test-Manufacturing Five Person Leader Group.” Together they supervised the installation of facilities and product test-manufacturing undertaken at the time. Aside from 4-0 zone and large facilities in the 5-0 zone, the entire facilities throughout the factory were all installed by workers at the factory typically under the direction of German specialists supervising the project. This strategy was not mealy for the control over expenses on the project, but was also a form of exercise for the workers, training them and familiarizing them with the equipment they would be tasked to operate.
In 1956 the main phase of facility installation commenced. Given the experience already gained by many of the workers, they could now independently carry out the bulk of the remaining installation work.
4. 1956 厂内规章制定
随着工厂设计、土建施工、设备安装、产品试制工作的全面展开，人员日益增多，管理工作日益复杂，工厂筹备组建制已不适应需要。 1955年11月李瑞任厂长、罗沛霖任第一副厂长兼总工程师、郭华三任供应副厂长、连仲堂任基建副厂长、工厂实行党委集体领导下的厂长负责制。1956年下半年，工厂的制订规章制度小组在充分研究了德国专家为工厂拟订的一些主要制度的基础上，同时参照了国内一些老厂的经验，基本上于1956年底完成了工厂第一套规章制度的制订工作，对工厂迅速建立正常的生产秩序起了重要作用。
4. 1956 Factory Interior Scope Defined
Following the factory design, civil and architectural construction, installation of facilities, and the start of every kind of product test-manufacturing, the management work was daily becoming more complicated, the factory preparations group was finding it difficult to adjust to the new needs. In November of 1955, Ji Rui stepped into the role of Factory Chief, Luo Peilin accepted the role of Vice-Facotry Chief and Factory Chief Engineer, Deng Huasan took the position of Vice-Factory Chief, Lian Zhongtang became the Factory Construction Vice-Factory Chief, factory implemented party member group leadership chain of organization. In the second half of 1956, the group for formulating factory rules and regulations eagerly researched how the German specialists at factory implemented important regulations, simultaneously reaching out to factories inside China to better understand their hierarchies. By the end of 1956, the first set of factory rules of conduct and regulations was completed, providing immense assistance to the quick-paced establishment of a healthy production system.
5.德国专家工作生活
在七一八厂筹建过程中，德方共派遣了约150位专家来华协助。他们随着建设的进度陆续分期分批地来到七一八厂，每位专家都有具体负责的工作，等工作完成后就回国。
德国专家日以继夜在现场指导工作、讲解理论，指导技术人员和工人如何技术操作。在车间安装试车的专家对合作的中国技术人员和工人认真进行技术培训，不断地讲解设备性能，生产工艺技术和安全注意事项等，为工厂以后的开工运行做出了极大贡献。
5. The Life of German Specialists
During the process of the Factory 718 construction, East Germany sent 150 specialists over to China to aid in the construction. According to construction and new developments on the site these specialists took rotations coming to visit the Factory 718 construction site. Every specialist had a clear job he was responsible for, once his work was finished he would return to Germany.
The German specialists’ daily routine on site involved assigning work, explaining theory, directing technical personnel and construction workers in their operations. When the time arrived for the test-run of the facilities, German specialists with collaborating technical personnel and workers enthusiastically lectured on technical matters, ceaselessly explained the properties of various specialized instruments, industrial techniques, and safety measures. The sincerity with which they educated the new factory workers ensured the factory’s future success.
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